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Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress
Contributor(s): O'Rourke Et Al, Ronald (Author)

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 ISBN:     ISBN-13: 9798683248178
Publisher: Independently Published
OUR PRICE: $12.56  

Binding Type: Paperback
Published: September 2020
* Out of Print *
Additional Information
BISAC Categories:
- Political Science | Geopolitics
Physical Information: 0.3" H x 8.5" W x 11.02" L (0.75 lbs) 140 pages
 
Descriptions, Reviews, Etc.
Publisher Description:
The diminishment of Arctic sea ice has led to increased human activities in the Arctic, and hasheightened interest in, and concerns about, the region's future. The United States, by virtue ofAlaska, is an Arctic country and has substantial interests in the region. The seven other Arcticstates are Canada, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark (by virtue of Greenland), andRussia.Record low extents of Arctic sea ice over the past decade have focused scientific and policyattention on links to global climate change and projected ice-free seasons in the Arctic withindecades. These changes have potential consequences for weather in the United States, access tomineral and biological resources in the Arctic, the economies and cultures of peoples in theregion, and national security.The geopolitical environment for the Arctic has been substantially affected by the renewal ofgreat power competition. Although there continues to be significant international cooperation onArctic issues, the Arctic is increasingly viewed as an arena for geopolitical competition amongthe United States, Russia, and China. Russia in recent years has enhanced its military presenceand operations in the Arctic. China's growing activities in the Arctic have become a matter ofincreasing curiosity or concern among observers.U.S. military forces have begun to pay more attention to the Arctic in their planning andoperations. The Department of Defense (DOD), the Navy, and the Coast Guard have all issuedArctic strategy documents in recent years. Whether DOD and the military services are adequatelyresourcing these strategies and taking appropriate and adequate actions for defending U.S.interests in the Arctic has emerged as a topic of debate and congressional oversight. The CoastGuard has two operational polar icebreakers and has received funding for the procurement of thefirst of three planned new polar icebreakers.The diminishment of Arctic ice could lead in coming years to increased commercial shipping ontwo trans-Arctic sea routes-the Northern Sea Route close to Russia, and the Northwest Passageclose to Alaska and through the Canadian archipelago-though the rate of increase in the use ofthese routes might not be as great as sometimes anticipated in press accounts. Internationalguidelines for ships operating in Arctic waters have been recently updated.
 
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